The Impact of Obstetric Care Education on Prenatal Health Behaviors among Pregnant Women

Authors

  • Fadlan Ramadhan Nursing Science, STIKES Widya Nusantara Palu, Indonesia
  • Anin Anindita Nursing Science, STIKES Widya Nusantara Palu, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37899/mjdh.v2i3.238

Keywords:

Antenatal Care, Health Literacy, Maternal Education, Maternal Health Management, Obstetric Care Education

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of obstetric care education on prenatal health behaviors among pregnant women, using a quantitative research design to provide empirical evidence on its effectiveness. Maternal health remains a critical global issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, where educational interventions are increasingly recognized as cost-effective means to promote healthy prenatal practices. Data were collected from surveys administered to pregnant women who participated in obstetric education programs, and both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted to assess the impact of education on behavioral changes. The results revealed significant improvements in key prenatal health behaviors, such as regular antenatal clinic visits, adherence to nutritional guidelines, physical preparedness, and avoidance of harmful practices. These findings highlight the importance of obstetric care education as an essential management intervention in maternal healthcare systems. The study demonstrates that integrating education into routine antenatal care can serve as both a preventive strategy and a tool for improving service delivery and reducing risks. It also emphasizes the need for healthcare managers, policymakers, and practitioners to institutionalize educational programs, ensuring their integration into standard maternal health services to promote equity and sustainability in maternal health outcomes.

References

Ahmed, A. M., Grandi, S. M., Pullenayegum, E., McDonald, S. D., Beltempo, M., Premji, S. S., ... & Pechlivanoglou, P. (2024). Short-term and long-term mortality risk after preterm birth. JAMA network open, 7(11), e2445871. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.45871

Aidoo, E. M. (2025). Advancing precision medicine and health education for chronic disease prevention in vulnerable maternal and child populations. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 25(2), 2355-76. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.25.2.0623

Aidoo, E. M. (2025). Advancing precision medicine and health education for chronic disease prevention in vulnerable maternal and child populations. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 25(2), 2355-76. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.25.2.0623

Bas-Sarmiento, P., Lamas-Toranzo, M. J., Fernández-Gutiérrez, M., & Poza-Méndez, M. (2022). Health literacy, misinformation, self-perceived risk and fear, and preventive measures related to COVID-19 in Spanish university students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(22), 15370. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215370

Beressa, G., Whiting, S. J., & Belachew, T. (2025). Effect of nutrition education integrating the health belief model and theory of planned behavior during pregnancy on gestational weight gain and birth weight in Southeast Ethiopia using complex analyses. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 25(1), 196. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07284-x

Dally, D., Amith, M., Mauldin, R. L., Thomas, L., Dang, Y., & Tao, C. (2024). A semantic approach to describe social and economic characteristics that impact health outcomes (social determinants of health): ontology development study. Online Journal of Public Health Informatics, 16, e52845. https://doi.org/10.2196/52845

Francis, E. C., Zhang, L., Witrick, B., & Chen, L. (2021). Health behaviors of American pregnant women: A cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2007–2014. Journal of Public Health, 43(1), 131-138. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25094977

Gregory, K. D., Ramos, D. E., & Steegers-Theunissen, R. P. M. (2024). Preconception and prenatal care. Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies E-Book, 86.

Guo, Z., Chen, Y., Zhang, Y., Ding, C., Li, M., Xu, L., & Jin, J. (2023). Associations among risk perception, health efficacy, and health behaviors for cardiovascular disease: an application of risk perception attitude framework. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 10, 1201789. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2023.1201789

Herzog-Petropaki, N., Derksen, C., & Lippke, S. (2022). Health behaviors and behavior change during pregnancy: Theory-based investigation of predictors and interrelations. Sexes, 3(3), 351-366. https://doi.org/10.3390/sexes3030027

Hjorth, C. F., Kjærulff, T. M., Thomsen, M. K., Cronin-Fenton, D., Dalton, S. O., & Olsen, M. H. (2025). SEPLINE: Socioeconomic Position in Epidemiological Research—A National Guideline on Danish Registry Data. Clinical epidemiology, 593-624. https://doi.org/10.2147/clep.s520772

Karyadi, E., Reddy, J. C., Dearden, K. A., Purwanti, T., Mardewi, Asri, E., ... & Raut, M. K. (2023). Antenatal care is associated with adherence to iron supplementation among pregnant women in selected low‐middle‐income‐countries of Asia, Africa, and Latin America & the Caribbean regions: Insights from Demographic and Health Surveys. Maternal & child nutrition, 19(2), e13477. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13477

Killeen, S. L., Geraghty, A. A., O'Brien, E. C., O'Reilly, S. L., Yelverton, C. A., & McAuliffe, F. M. (2022). Addressing the gaps in nutritional care before and during pregnancy. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 81(1), 87-98. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665121003724

Kim, H. Y., Cho, G. J., Ahn, K. H., Hong, S. C., Oh, M. J., & Kim, H. J. (2024). Short-term neonatal and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of children born term low birth weight. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 2274. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52154-9

Koruk, F., Kahraman, S., Turan, Z., Nur Özgen, H., & Beyazgül, B. (2025). The Effects of Interventions During Pregnancy to Improve Breastfeeding Self‐Efficacy: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis. Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health, 70(4), 610-623. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.13742

Lange, A. E., Mahlo-Nguyen, J., Pierdant, G., Allenberg, H., Heckmann, M., & Ittermann, T. (2023). Antenatal Care and Health Behavior of Pregnant Women—An Evaluation of the Survey of Neonates in Pomerania. Children, 10(4), 678. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10040678

Lin, Y., Xiu, X., Lin, J., Chen, Z., Zheng, C. X., Pan, X., ... & Yan, J. (2023). Application of team-based flipped classroom and traditional learning on the antenatal education center course. Advances in medical education and practice, 1379-1390. https://doi.org/10.2147/amep.s429806

Liu, F., & Panagiotakos, D. (2022). Real-world data: a brief review of the methods, applications, challenges and opportunities. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 22(1), 287. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-022-01768-6

Luo, W. (2025). An empirical study of integration models and mechanisms for maternity care in innovative vocational education. Scientific Reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-31951-w

Mate, A., Reyes-Goya, C., Santana-Garrido, Á., & Vázquez, C. M. (2021). Lifestyle, maternal nutrition and healthy pregnancy. Current vascular pharmacology, 19(2), 132-140. https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S299294

Nguyen, L. D., Nguyen, L. H., Ninh, L. T., Nguyen, H. T. T., Nguyen, A. D., Vu, L. G., ... & Ho, R. C. (2022). Women’s holistic self-care behaviors during pregnancy and associations with psychological well-being: implications for maternal care facilities. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 22(1), 631. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-04961-z

Nguyen, P. H., Kachwaha, S., Tran, L. M., Avula, R., Young, M. F., Ghosh, S., ... & Menon, P. (2021). Strengthening nutrition interventions in antenatal care services affects dietary intake, micronutrient intake, gestational weight gain, and breastfeeding in Uttar Pradesh, India: results of a cluster-randomized program evaluation. The Journal of Nutrition, 151(8), 2282-2295. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxab131

Noptriani, S., & Simbolon, D. (2022). Probability of non-compliance to the consumption of Iron Tablets in pregnant women in Indonesia. Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene, 63(3), E456. https://doi.org/10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.3.2340

Obeagu, E. I., & Alsadi, R. A. (2025). From Diagnosis to Acceptance: Mental Health Trajectories in HIV-Infected Patients. Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research.

Odchigue, G. (2025). Knowledge, Attitude, and Nutritional Intervention on the Quality of Antenatal Care Among Pregnant Women. Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 3(5), 263-273. https://doi.org/10.69569/jip.2025.131

Pope, J., Olander, E. K., Leitao, S., Meaney, S., & Matvienko-Sikar, K. (2022). Prenatal stress, health, and health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic: An international survey. Women and Birth, 35(3), 272-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2021.03.007

Rasmussen, T. D., Andersen, A. M. N., Ekstrøm, C. T., Jervelund, S. S., & Villadsen, S. F. (2023). Improving health literacy responsiveness to reduce ethnic and social disparity in stillbirth and infant health: a cluster randomized controlled effectiveness trial of the MAMAACT intervention. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 144, 104505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104505

Rezaei, Z., Yazdanpanahi, Z., Asadollahi, A., Karimi, M., & Ghahremani, L. (2025). Evaluating the impact of an educational self-care intervention on the empowerment of primigravida pregnant women covered by family medicine program in the Estahban City—an application of the pender’s health promotion model. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 25(1), 308. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07437-y

Rockliffe, L., Peters, S., Heazell, A. E., & Smith, D. M. (2021). Factors influencing health behaviour change during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-synthesis. Health psychology review, 15(4), 613-632. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2021.1938632

Romero-Barranca, J., Garcia-Cabrera, E., Román, E., Quintero-Flórez, A., Luque-Romero, L. G., & Vilches-Arenas, Á. (2024). Influential social determinants of adherence to preventive and health promotion activities during pregnancy and the first year of life: systematic review. Children, 11(3), 331. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11030331

Sabetghadam, S., Keramat, A., Goli, S., Malary, M., & Rezaie Chamani, S. (2023). Maternal health literacy, health information‐seeking behavior and pregnancy outcomes among Iranian pregnant women: A cross-sectional study. Community Health Equity Research & Policy, 44(1), 77-87. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684x221095659

Sanas, N. T., & Resky, S. D. (2025). Interactive nutrition education for pregnant women: Strengthening maternal health and environmental sustainability in stunting prevention. EcoVision: Journal of Environmental Solutions, 2(2), 117-135. https://doi.org/10.61511/evojes.v2i2.2025.2235

Shutsko, A. (2022). Country-specific digital inequalities in older people’s online health information seeking in Europe: impact of socio-demographic and socio-economic factors. Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice, 10(4), 38-52. https://doi.org/10.1633/JISTaP.2022.10.4.4

Souza, J. P., Day, L. T., Rezende-Gomes, A. C., Zhang, J., Mori, R., Baguiya, A., ... & Oladapo, O. T. (2024). A global analysis of the determinants of maternal health and transitions in maternal mortality. The Lancet Global Health, 12(2), e306-e316. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00468-0

Super, S., Beulen, Y. H., Koelen, M. A., & Wagemakers, A. (2021). Opportunities for dietitians to promote a healthy dietary intake in pregnant women with a low socio-economic status within antenatal care practices in the Netherlands: a qualitative study. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 40(1), 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-021-00260-z

Wang, X., Shi, J., & Lee, K. M. (2022). The digital divide and seeking health information on smartphones in Asia: Survey study of ten countries. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 24(1), e24086. https://doi.org/10.2196/24086

Wang, Y. W., & Chang, Y. J. (2023). Effects of the experience of breastfeeding-friendly practices and breastfeeding intention and self-efficacy on breastfeeding behavior: a cohort study in Taiwan. International Breastfeeding Journal, 18(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-022-00539-9

Wen, G., Zhai, J., Wen, P., Yang, F., & Xie, X. (2025). Impact of antepartum case-based learning on glycemic control and self-management skills in women with gestational diabetes: A patient-centered non-parallel quasi-experimental study. Patient preference and adherence, 451-462.

Yuhas, M., Moore, C. F., Garay, J., & Brown, S. D. (2022). Improving maternal cardiovascular health in underserved populations: a narrative review of behavioral intervention trials targeting postpartum weight retention. Current atherosclerosis reports, 24(9), 689-699. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-022-01045-3

Downloads

Published

2025-10-12