The Impact of Urbanization on Social Inequality: Evidence from Jakarta Metropolitan Area
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37899/mjds.v2i2.217Keywords:
Environmental Vulnerability, Housing Inequality, Metropolitan Development, Social InequalityAbstract
This study examines the impact of urbanization on social inequality in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area. The research aims to analyze how rapid urban growth influences disparities in housing, employment, public service accessibility, infrastructure distribution, and environmental conditions. A quantitative research design was employed using secondary data from official statistical reports, institutional databases, and spatial datasets. Descriptive, comparative, and spatial analyses were conducted to identify inequality patterns across metropolitan zones. The findings reveal that urbanization has generated unequal outcomes across multiple dimensions. Informal settlements and industrial peripheries exhibit the highest inequality levels, characterized by poor housing quality, labor precarity, limited access to education and healthcare, weak infrastructure inclusion, and high environmental vulnerability. In contrast, central business districts show significantly lower inequality levels. The study highlights that urbanization in Jakarta remains strongly associated with structural exclusion despite economic modernization. These findings emphasize the importance of inclusive urban planning and equitable governance to ensure balanced metropolitan development and broader social welfare.
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